Table of contents

  • Executive summary
  • Introduction
  • Statistics of low back pain
  • Economic cost of low back pain
  • Management of low back pain
  • Dynamometers for measurement of muscle function
  • Dynamometry in the assessment of limb and low back function
  • Limitations of dynamometry
  • Operation and siting
  • Cost considerations
  • Safety aspects
  • Conclusions
  • Appendix 1   Musculoskeletal movement
  • Appendix 2 Parameters and units of dynamometric measurements
  • Appendix 3 Dynamometers for limb testing
  • Appendix 4 Dynamometers for low back testing
  • References
  • Acknowledgements