Table of contents

  • Summary
  • Contents
  • Introduction
  • Definition and measurement of incontinence
    • Definitions of incontinence
    • Types of incontinence
    • Measurement of severity
  • Prevalence rates and risk factors from the literature
    • Large variation in prevalence estimates
    • International prevalence estimates
    • Australian prevalence estimates
    • Other risk factors associated with incontinence
  • Experience of incontinence
    • Population with 'severe' incontinence
    • Assistance and the use of continence aids
    • Associated health conditions
    • Participation
    • Carers
  • Health care expenditure for incontinence
    • An estimate of incontinence expenditure
    • Hospital expenditure
    • Medical and other health system expenditures
    • Continence aids
  • Acknowledgments
  • References
  • Verso page