Performance indicator specifications

Outcomes to be measured

Performance indicator

Data items

Outcome 3: More housing
Outcome 5: Greater effectiveness and efficiency
Total number of dwellings targeted to Indigenous people D1b Number of permanent dwellings managed by funded and unfunded organisations
    D2 Number of improvised dwellings

Calculation

The indicator is calculated as:

P1 = Number of permanent dwellings managed by funded and unfunded organisations (D1b) + Number of improvised dwellings (D2)

Description

This indicator provides a measure of the number of dwellings specifically targeted to Indigenous households, regardless of the condition of the dwelling, and an indication of the growth in housing provided to Indigenous people.

Scope

The 2008–09 Indigenous community housing (ICH) online tables cover ICH dwellings.

Outcomes to be measured

Performance indicator

Data items

Outcome 1: Better housing Proportion of improvised dwellings D1b Number of permanent dwellings managed by funded and unfunded organisations
    D2 Number of improvised dwellings

Calculation

The indicator is calculated as:

P2 = Total number of improvised dwellings (D2) x 100
Total number of permanent and improvised dwellings (D1b + D2)

Description

This indicator provides a measure of the number of inadequate dwellings. There is a strong correlation between inadequate housing and poor health outcomes.

Scope

The 2008–09 ICH online tables cover ICH dwellings.

P5      Mechanisms to ensure that new houses and upgrades meet national minimum standards

P5 is a qualitative performance indicator.

Background

Building a Better Future: Indigenous Housing to 2010 (BBF) Strategy 3.2 is to implement the National Framework for the Design, Construction and Maintenance of Indigenous Housing.

There are four national principles for the design, construction and maintenance of Indigenous housing: safety, health, quality control and sustainability (see for more details on the standards).

Information required

  • Whether or not new houses and upgrades are required to meet national standards.
  • If not, the name of the state or territory standard applicable for new houses and upgrades.
  • An indication of the mechanisms in place to ensure compliance with relevant standards.

Description

This indicator details strategies and procedures that jurisdictions have in place to ensure that new houses and major upgrades are built to standards or to detect failures in the system.

Scope

The 2008–09 ICH online tables cover ICH only.

P7      Proportion of dwellings not connected to (a) water, (b) sewerage and (c) electricity

Outcome to be measured

Performance indicators

Data items

Outcome 1: Better housing

Proportion of dwellings not connected to

P7a water

P7b sewerage

P7c electricity

D3

Number of permanent dwellings not connected to water

 

 

D4

Number of permanent dwellings not connected to sewerage

 

 

D5

Number of permanent dwellings not connected to electricity

 

 

D1b

Number of permanent dwellings managed by funded and unfunded organisations

Calculation

The indicator is calculated as:

P7a =

Number of dwellings not connected to water (D3)

x 100

Total number of permanent dwellings (D1b)

 

P7b =

Number of dwellings not connected to sewerage (D4)

x 100

Total number of permanent dwellings (D1b)

 

P7c =

Number of dwellings not connected to electricity (D5)

x 100

Total number of permanent dwellings (D1b)

Description

This indicator provides a measure of the proportion of ICH dwellings that are not connected to essential infrastructure.

Scope

The 2008–09 ICH online tables cover ICH dwellings.

P9      Average weekly rent collected

Outcome to be measured

Performance indicator

Data items

Outcome 2: Better housing services

Average weekly rent collected

D7

Rent collected from tenants for the year ending 30 June

 

 

D6

Total number of households living in permanent dwellings

Calculation

The indicator is calculated as:

P9 =

Rent collected from tenants for the year ending 30 June (D7) / 52

Total number of households living in permanent dwellings (D6)

 

OR

 

If the number of households is not available the indicator is calculated as:

P9 =

Rent collected from tenants for the year ending 30 June (D7) / 52

Total number of permanent dwellings (D1b)

Description

This indicator provides a measure of the sustainability of organisations, as rental income is required to meet the costs of providing housing.

Scope

The 2008–09 ICH online tables cover ICH permanent dwellings.

P10    Rent collection rate

Outcome to be measured

Performance indicator

Data items

Outcome 2: Better housing services

Rent collection rate

D7

Rent collected from tenants for the year ending 30 June

 

 

D8

Rent charged to tenants for the year ending 30 June

Calculation

The indicator is calculated as:

P10 =

Rent collected from tenants for the year ending 30 June (D7)

 x 100

Rent charged to tenants for the year ending 30 June (D8)

Description

This indicator provides a measure of the sustainability of organisations, as rental income is required to meet the costs of providing housing.

Scope

The 2008–09 ICH online tables cover ICH permanent dwellings.

P11    Total amount spent on maintenance each year

Outcome to be measured

Performance indicator

Data items

Outcome 2: Better housing services

Total amount spent on maintenance each year

D9

Housing maintenance expenditure for the year ending 30 June

Calculation

The indicator is calculated as:

P11 =

Housing maintenance expenditure for the year ending 30 June (D9)

Description

This indicator provides a measure of the sustainability of organisations, as ongoing expenditure on maintenance is essential to maintain the condition of dwellings.

Scope

The 2008–09 ICH online tables cover ICH permanent dwellings.

P12    Average amount spent on maintenance each year

Outcome to be measured

Performance indicator

Data items

Outcome 2: Better housing services

Average amount spent on maintenance each year

D9

Housing maintenance expenditure for the year ending 30 June

 

 

D1b

Number of permanent dwellings managed by funded and unfunded organisations

Calculation

The indicator is calculated as:

P12 =

Total amount spent on maintenance each year (D9)

Total number of permanent dwellings (D1b)

Description

This indicator provides a measure of the sustainability of organisations, as ongoing expenditure on maintenance is essential to maintain the condition of dwellings.

Scope

The 2008–09 ICH online tables cover ICH permanent dwellings.

P13    Maintenance expenditure as a proportion of rent collected

Outcome to be measured

Performance indicator

Data items

Outcome 2: Better housing services

Maintenance expenditure as a proportion of rent collected

D9

Housing maintenance expenditure for the year ending 30 June

 

 

D7

Rent collected from tenants for the year ending 30 June

Calculation

The indicator is calculated as:

P13 =

Housing maintenance expenditure for the year ending 30 June (D9)

x 100

Rent collected from tenants for the year ending 30 June (D7)

Description

This indicator provides a measure of the sustainability of organisations, as ongoing expenditure on maintenance is essential to maintain the condition of dwellings. Maintenance expenditure as a proportion of rent collected provides an indication of the proportion of rental income used to maintain dwellings.

Scope

The 2008–09 ICH online tables cover ICH permanent dwellings.

P14    Recurrent to capital expenditure ratio

Outcome to be measured

Performance indicator

Data items

Outcome 2: Better housing services

Outcome 4: Improved partnerships

Recurrent to capital expenditure ratio

D11a

Total recurrent expenses for the year ending 30 June

 

 

D10

Total capital expenditure for the year ending 30 June

Calculation

The indicator is calculated as:

P14 =

Total recurrent expenses for the year ending 30 June (D11a)

Total capital expenditure for the year ending 30 June (D10)

Description

A balancing of capital and recurrent expenditure is required to avoid what has been termed the ‘build and abandon’ approach to Indigenous housing. Some ongoing recurrent expenditure is required to maintain the condition of dwellings. Capital expenditure is required for new dwellings and major upgrades to existing dwellings.

Scope

The 2008–09 ICH online tables cover funded, actively registered and unfunded, and not actively registered Indigenous community housing organisations (ICHOs).

P15    Net recurrent cost per unit

Outcome to be measured

Performance indicator

Data items

Outcome 6: Improved performance linked to accountability

Net recurrent cost per unit

D11b

Net recurrent costs for the year ending 30 June

 

 

D1b

Total number of dwellings

Calculation

The indicator is calculated as:

P15 =

Net recurrent costs for the year ending 30 June (D11b)

Total number of dwellings (D1b)

Description

This indicator assesses the cost of SOMIH and ICH rental provision by measuring the average cost of providing assistance per dwelling.

Scope

The 2008–09 ICH online tables cover funded, actively registered and unfunded, and not actively registered Indigenous community housing organisations (ICHOs).

P16    Occupancy rates

Outcome to be measured

Performance indicator

Data items

Outcome 5: Greater effectiveness and efficiency

Occupancy rates

D12

Total number of permanent dwellings occupied at 30 June

 

 

D1b

Number of permanent dwellings managed by funded and unfunded organisations

Calculation

The indicator is calculated as:

P16 =

Total number of permanent dwellings occupied at 30 June (D12)

x 100

Number of permanent dwellings managed by funded and unfunded organisations (D1b)

Description

This indicator assesses the use of dwellings.

Scope

The 2008–09 ICH online tables cover ICH permanent dwellings.

P21    Average number of additional bedrooms required

Outcomes to be measured

Performance indicators

Data items

Outcome 1: Better housing

Outcome 3: More housing

Average number of additional bedrooms required

D14

Total number of households requiring additional bedrooms at 30 June

 

 

D15

Total number of additional bedrooms required at 30 June

Calculation

The total and average number of additional bedrooms required to meet the Occupancy Standard. Occupancy standards measure bedroom need based on the household size and composition. For ICH, need is measured relative to the Canadian National Occupancy Standard. For SOMIH, need is measured relative to the Proxy Occupancy Standard.

The Canadian National Occupancy Standard states that:

  • no more than two people shall share a bedroom
  • parents or couples may share a bedroom
  • children under 5 years, either of the same sex or opposite sex, may share a bedroom
  • children under 18 years of the same sex may share a bedroom
  • a child aged 5 to 17 years should not share a bedroom with a child under 5 years of the opposite sex
  • single adults 18 years and over and any unpaired children require a separate bedroom.

The Proxy Occupancy Standard states that:

  • single adult—one bedroom
  • single adult group—one bedroom per adult
  • couple with no children—two bedrooms
  • sole parent or couple with one child—two bedrooms
  • sole parent or couple with two or three children—three bedrooms
  • sole parent or couple with four children—four bedrooms.

For sole parents or couples with more than four children, the number of bedrooms required is the same as the number of children in the household.

The indicator is calculated as:

P21 =

Total number of additional bedrooms required at 30 June (D15)

Total number of households requiring additional bedrooms at 30 June (D14)

Description

This indicator provides a measure of the degree of overcrowding in Indigenous households. Overcrowding places stress on kitchen, bathroom and laundry facilities as well as on sewerage systems such as septic tanks. Overcrowding increases the risk of the spread of infectious diseases (Howden-Chapman & Wilson 2000).

Scope

The 2008–09 ICH online tables cover households living in ICH permanent dwellings.

P22    Proportion of Indigenous households that are overcrowded

Outcome to be measured

Performance indicator

Data items

Outcome 1: Better housing

Outcome 3: More housing

Proportion of Indigenous households that are overcrowded

D13

Total number of Indigenous households that are overcrowded

 

 

D16

Total number of Indigenous households for which household groups and dwelling details are known at 30 June

Calculation

An overcrowded household is one requiring two or more extra bedrooms to meet the relevant occupancy standard (Proxy Occupancy Standard for SOMIH, Canadian National Occupancy Standard for ICH—see P21 for details of the occupancy standards).

The indicator is calculated as:

P22 =

Number of Indigenous households that are overcrowded (D13)

x 100

Total number of Indigenous households for which household groups and dwelling details are known at 30 June (D16)

Description

This indicator assesses the prevalence of ‘over-occupation’ of dwellings. It measures the proportion of households where dwelling size is not appropriate to the household size due to overcrowding.

Scope

The 2008–09 ICH online tables cover households living in ICH permanent dwellings.

P24    Allocation of resources on the basis of need

P24 is a qualitative performance indicator.

Background

Building a Better Future: Indigenous Housing to 2010 Strategy 1.1 is to develop and use a multi-measure approach to quantify and to assist in informing resource allocation at national, state and territory and regional levels.

Information required

  • The criteria used to allocate capital funding for Indigenous housing.
  • The criteria used to allocate housing to tenants, including eligibility.

Description

This indicator details how need is defined, and whether resources are allocated on the basis of need.

Scope

The 2008–09 ICH online tables cover ICH only.

P25    Number of Indigenous community housing organisations

Outcome to be measured

Performance indicator

Data items

Outcome 2: Better housing services

Number of ICHOs

D19b

Total number of funded and unfunded ICHOs at 30 June

Calculation

An ICHO is any Indigenous organisation that is responsible for managing housing for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples. This includes community organisations such as resource agencies, and land councils that have a range of functions, provided they manage housing for Indigenous Australians.

The indicator is calculated as:

P25 =

Number of funded and unfunded ICHOs at 30 June (D19b)

Description

This indicator reports on the number of ICHOs.

Scope

The 2008–09 ICH online tables cover funded or actively registered, and unfunded or not actively registered Indigenous community housing organisations (ICHOs).

P26    Proportion of ICHOs that have a housing management plan

Outcome to be measured

Performance indicator

Data items

Outcome 2: Better housing services

Proportion of ICHOs that have a housing management plan

D20

Total number of ICHOs with a housing management plan

 

 

D19b

Total number of funded and unfunded ICHOs at 30 June 

Calculation

The indicator is calculated as:

P26 =

Total number of ICHOs with a housing management plan (D20)

x 100

Total number of funded and unfunded ICHOs (D19b)

Description

This indicator provides a measure of whether ICHOs are well managed, through the use of a plan outlining objectives, financial management, tenancy management and human resource management.

Scope

The 2008–09 ICH online tables cover funded/actively registered and unfunded/not actively registered Indigenous community housing organisations (ICHOs).

P27    What jurisdictions are doing to assist ICHOs in developing and implementing housing management plans

P27 is a qualitative performance indicator.

Background

Building a Better Future: Indigenous Housing to 2010 Strategy 2.6 is to support organisations to develop housing management plans containing:

  • objectives for housing assistance delivery
  • an asset management plan, including client consultation and feedback mechanisms and appropriate information and training for tenants to ensure tenants’ responsibilities are understood and their rights protected
  • Rent collection policies and systems
  • Financial practices and reporting systems that link resources to outcomes.

Information required

  • Whether policy or legislative requirements for the provision of assistance to ICHOs to develop and implement housing management plans are in place.
  • The strategies in place to assist ICHOs in developing and implementing housing management plans.

Description

This indicator details mechanisms and procedures jurisdictions have in place to assist ICHOs in preparing and implementing housing management plans.

Scope

The 2008–09 ICH online tables cover ICH only.

P28    Proportion of Indigenous employees in ICHOs who have completed accredited training

Outcome to be measured

Performance indicator

Data items

Outcome 2: Better housing services

Outcome 4: Improved partnerships

Proportion of Indigenous employees in ICHOs who have completed accredited training

D22

Number of Indigenous employees in ICHOS who have completed accredited training

 

 

D21

Total number of Indigenous employees in ICHOs

Calculation

The indicator is calculated as:

P28 =

Number of Indigenous employees in ICHOs who have completed accredited training (D22)

x 100

Total number of Indigenous employees in ICHOs (D21)

Description

This indicator provides a measure of the number of Indigenous employees who have completed accredited training in housing management and related areas. Increasing the number of Indigenous employees who have completed training will increase the capacity of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples to be actively involved in planning and delivering housing services.

Scope

The 2008–09 ICH online tables cover funded or actively registered, and unfunded or not actively registered Indigenous community housing organisations (ICHOs). Note employees can have completed some form of accredited training and also be undertaking training at a higher level.

P29    Proportion of Indigenous employees in ICHOs who are undertaking accredited training

Outcomes to be measured

Performance indicator

Data items

Outcome 2: Better housing services

Outcome 4: Improved partnerships

Proportion of Indigenous employees in ICHOs who are undertaking accredited training

D23

Number of Indigenous employees in ICHOS who are undertaking accredited training at 30 June

 

 

D21

Total number of Indigenous employees in ICHOs at 30 June

Calculation

The indicator is calculated as:

P29 =

Number of Indigenous employees in ICHOs who are undertaking accredited training (D23)

x 100

Total number of Indigenous employees in ICHOs (D21)

Description

This indicator provides a measure of the number of Indigenous employees who are currently undertaking accredited training in housing management and related areas. Increasing the number of Indigenous employees who have completed training will increase the capacity of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples to be actively involved in planning and delivering housing services.

Scope

The 2008–09 ICH online tables cover funded/actively registered and unfunded/not actively registered Indigenous community housing organisations (ICHOs). Note employees can have completed some form of accredited training and also be undertaking training at a higher level.

P30    Proportion of people employed in housing management who are Indigenous

Outcome to be measured

Performance indicator

Data items

Outcome 4: Improved partnerships

Proportion of people employed in housing management who are Indigenous

D21

Total number of Indigenous employees in ICHOs at 30 June 

 

 

D24

Total number of employees in ICHOs at 30 June

Calculation

The indicator is calculated as:

P30 =

Total number of Indigenous employees in ICHOs (D21)

x 100

Total number of employees in ICHOs (D24)

Description

This indicator provides a measure of the extent to which Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples are involved in the management of SOMIH and ICH services.

Scope

The 2008–09 ICH online tables cover funded/actively registered and unfunded/not actively registered Indigenous community housing organisations (ICHOs).

P31    Strategies and outcomes to increase Indigenous employment in housing services

P31 is a qualitative performance indicator.

Background

Building a Better Future: Indigenous Housing to 2010 Strategy 2.3 is to maximise opportunities for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples to be involved in housing construction and maintenance through:

  • investigating a tender preference system and building incentives into the tender process
  • voluntary registers of Indigenous companies and tradespeople, and companies that employ Indigenous Australians.

Strategy 4.3 is to establish Indigenous employment policies in state, territory and Australian Government housing agencies.

Information required

  • The strategies in place to increase Indigenous employment in ICHOs.
  • The strategies in place to increase Indigenous employment in SOMIH.

Description

This indicator details mechanisms in place to increase opportunities for Indigenous employment in SOMIH and ICHOs, including senior management, policy and program development, tenancy management, property management, and construction.

Scope

The 2008–09 ICH online tables cover ICH only.

P32    Mechanisms for Indigenous input to planning, decision making and delivery of services

P32 is a qualitative performance indicator.

Background

Building a Better Future: Indigenous Housing to 2010 Strategy 1.3 ensures policies, plans and service provision take account of the needs and aspirations of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples and communities.

Strategy 2.4 is to develop principles and standards for service delivery by ICHOs and to ensure that Indigenous Australians are fully consulted about, and involved in the planning and delivery of housing and related services.

Information required

  • How Indigenous input into housing programs and decision-making is facilitated.
  • How Indigenous input feeds into planning processes for ICHO and SOMIH.
  • How Indigenous input feeds into service delivery processes for ICHO and SOMIH.

Description

This indicator details strategies and procedures in place for Indigenous input to planning, decision-making and delivery of services.

Scope

The 2008–09 ICH online tables cover ICH only.

P33    Coordination of housing and other services that seek to improve the health and wellbeing of Indigenous people

P33 is a qualitative performance indicator.

Background

Building a Better Future: Indigenous Housing to 2010 (BBF)Strategy 4.2, acknowledges the need to coordinate housing and related program areas to improve the health and wellbeing of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples. The strategy implies a need for housing agencies to actively collaborate, and where necessary initiate linkages with other program areas. BBF specifically identifies linkages with:

  • infrastructure programs (that is, essential road works, sewerage, power and water supply)
  • primary and environmental health programs
  • mainstream public and community housing
  • the income support system
  • community services programs
  • the Community Development Employment Program
  • education, training and employment programs
  • communication technology.

Information required

  • How housing is coordinated with other services.
  • Initiatives or new projects for 2007–08, including a brief assessment/evidence of outcomes.

Description

This indicator provides information that demonstrates the partnerships developed between housing and other services aimed at improving the quality of life of Indigenous Australians.

Scope

The 2008–09 ICH online tables cover ICH only.

P36    Proportion of indicators (not Census or CHINS) on which jurisdictions could report

This indicator is calculated by the AIHW from jurisdictions’ data.

Calculation

The indicator is calculated as:

P36 =

Number of SOMIH/ICH indicators for which jurisdictions could provide data

x 100

Total number of SOMIH/ICH indicators for which data were requested

Description

This indicator provides a measure of the capacity of jurisdictions to report on SOMIH and ICH. It does not, however, measure whether those data were of high quality.

Scope

The 2008–09 ICH online tables cover ICH only.